What is prolapse fibroid? - Definition, Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

What is prolapse fibroid?

A prolapsed fibroid is a condition in which a fibroid tumor, which is a benign growth that can form in the uterus, has become so big that it has protruded into the pelvic area or outside the cervix.

When a fibroid prolapses, it can give rise to a wide variety of symptoms, some of which include discomfort, pain, pressure, or heaviness in the pelvis, as well as frequent urination and trouble passing bowel movements. Moreover, prolapsed fibroids can lead to irregular vaginal bleeding, sexual pain, and even infertility, depending on their size and position.

Definition

Pedunculated submucous fibroids that extend through the cervical canal are referred to as prolapsed fibroids. The benign uterine tumors, which might appear as prolapsed fibroids in the vagina, are found beneath the uterine mucosa. Uterine prolapse occurs when the pelvic floor muscles and ligaments become stressed and compromised to the extent that they are unable to adequately support the uterus, leading to prolapse. Fibroid tumors have the potential to enlarge and result in uterine prolapse.

Symptoms

Some of the symptoms of prolapsed fibroids include heavy vaginal bleeding, pelvic discomfort, pelvic pain, bladder issues, low back pain, rectal pressure, heavy and extended periods, bleeding between periods, pressure in the abdomen, and a sense of pressure or a discharge from the vagina. Some people might not have any symptoms, and the discovery is made by chance during a pelvic exam.

Causes

Hormonal fluctuations:: Estrogen and progesterone, which are made by the ovaries, can make fibroid tumors grow or shrink. Increased levels of these hormones during the reproductive years may contribute to the development of fibroids.

• Genetics: The likelihood of having fibroids is increased by a family history of the condition.
• Obesity: Carrying extra weight or being obese raises the possibility of developing fibroids.
• Age: Women develop fibroids more frequently as they get older, especially in their 30s and 40s.
• Race: Black women are more likely than women of other races to experience fibroids.

Treatment

Uterine fibroids cannot be prevented, although their development can be slowed by adopting certain lifestyle habits. Preventative measures include not smoking, not binge eating, and eating a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables. Moreover, routine pelvic exams can aid in the early detection of fibroids and facilitate more efficient treatment.

Watchful waiting might be the best strategy in cases where symptoms are minimal or nonexistent. Another way to treat symptoms like painful, heavy, or irregular periods is with medication or birth control. Surgery can be required in cases that are more severe. Those who do not intend to become pregnant in the future have the option of undergoing a hysterectomy, as it eliminates the risk of future menstrual bleeding and prevents the recurrence of fibroids. The fibroids can also be removed surgically in a procedure called a myomectomy, but this does not involve the removal of the uterus. Another option for therapy is magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound, which uses sound waves to go through the body and reduce fibroids without surgery. For the management of severe uterine bleeding linked to symptomatic uterine fibroids, oral treatments including Elagolix and Tranexamic acid are also available.