Loop Ileostomy Procedure, Indication, Side effects | Loop ileostomy vs End ileostomy

An ileostomy is a surgical procedure that involves making an opening through the abdominal wall to the ileum, which is the last segment of the small intestine. This incision allows gastrointestinal waste to be discharged into an external ostomy bag. A "loop" ileostomy is a specific type of ileostomy that is meant to be transitory (typically left in position for only a few weeks to one year).

When a surgical site needs time to heal, temporary ostomies are frequently used to redirect the faecal stream. In the past, individuals with rectal cancer frequently required a prolonged colostomy. Nowadays, only severe rectal malignancies require a permanent colostomy; the majority of the others can be treated with "sphincter-sparing" procedures, which keep continuity to the anus in order to allow regular bowel movements, but require a temporary ostomy in order to enable the surgery site to recover. This is now the standard management for rectal cancer. Temporary ostomy may consist of a transverse colostomy (bypassing the left portion of the colon) or an ileostomy (bypassing the entire colon). Temporary ileostomies are now the preferable option because it has been observed that transverse colostomies encounter more problems than ileostomies.

Procedure

In order to perform a procedure known as a loop ileostomy, a cut is made in the patient's abdomen, and then a loop of the small intestine is removed via the incision.
A stoma is then created by opening up this portion of the intestine and stitching it to the skin. The rectum and colon remain in place.
In certain instances, the stoma will have two openings, however they may be so close together that you may not be able to see both.
Your functional portion of the bowel is attached to one of the openings. After the procedure, waste items will be expelled from your body through this opening.
Your bowel's "inactive" portion, which descends to your rectum, is attached to the other opening.
The loop ileostomy is typically transient and may be reversed later on via another procedure.

Indication

Indications of Loop Ileostomy includes:

Inflammatory diseases
Protection of ileorectal anastomoses
Fulminant inflammatory bowel disorder
Palliative procedure

Side Effects

Loop Ileostomy have been linked to the following risks:
Gastrointestinal bleeding from the stoma or within the small intestine.
Injury to the neighbouring organs
Infection
A condition in which the body is unable to absorb sufficient amounts of nutrients from diet.
Scar tissue-induced intestinal obstruction

Loop ileostomy vs End ileostomy

The entire colon (also known as the large intestine) is often removed during an end ileostomy procedure, which is performed by making an incision in the patient's belly. Through a smaller incision, the ileum is pulled out of the abdomen and attached to the skin to create a stoma.

A loop of your small intestine is removed through an abdominal incision to create a loop ileostomy. A stoma is then created by opening up this portion of the intestine and stitching it to the skin. The rectum and colon remain in place.